Mathematics in Grade 5

Mathematics in Grade 5

In grade 5, students learn to work with numbers from one one-thousandth to many billions. They add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions and decimals and calculate percentages.

Grade 5 students explore algebraic concepts as they learn to replace numbers with variables. They also learn the geometrical concepts of symmetry (matching on both sides of a shape, like a heart) and congruence (having the same shapes and sizes). They plot points on graphs. They know and use common measuring units, including common metric units (meters, kilometers, liters, etc.), to determine length and area. They find the volumes and surface areas of figures. In data analysis, they begin to work with measures of central tendency — the mean, median, or mode of a distribution — as one possible way to describe an average.

TOPICS COVERED

Mathematics standards for prekindergarten through grade 8 are presented in the following five strands. Expectations for what a child should be able to do increase from one grade to the next.

• Understanding numbers and how they work, such as adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing (Number Sense and Operations)

• Investigating patterns and using symbols (such as x + y = z) to

analyze mathematical situations and change (Patterns, Relations, and Algebra)

• Identifying shapes, sizes, and relationships (Geometry)

• Using number relationships to find out size and volume (Measurement)

• Doing experiments, collecting data, and using the information to decide what will happen (Data Analysis, Statistics, and Probability)

WHAT YOUR CHILD SHOULD KNOW

BY THE END OF GRADE 5, YOUR CHILD SHOULD KNOW AND BE ABLE TO PERFORM THESE SKILLS:

1. Estimate, round, and manipulate very large numbers (billions) and very small numbers (thousandths). Show understanding of place value to billions and thousandths — for example, know why 0.002 is two-thousandths and 2,000,000,000 is two billion.

2. Interpret percentages as parts of 100 — for example, know that 20 percent is 20/100. Use the percentage sign (%). Express a part of a whole as a percentage — for example, 1/4 of a pizza is 25%.

3. Multiply positive fractions with whole numbers (for example, 1/4 x 3).

4. Show proficiency with division, including division with positive decimals and long division with divisors that have more than one digit.

5. Replace variables with given values. Evaluate and simplify. For example, what is 2(M) + 3 when M = 4?

6. Match and construct congruent shapes, such as two triangles that are the same shape and size. Also match and construct symmetric shapes, such as two halves of a heart divided by a center line.

7. Graph points and identify coordinates of those points on the x- and y-axes. Then give a picture of the first two quadrants.

8. Use formulas to find the areas of triangles, rectangles, and parallelograms. Recognize that shapes that have the same number of sides but look different can have the same area.

HOME ACTIVITIES

1. Look around your home for examples of symmetry — for example, drapes in a window. Ask your child to hang towels so that they are symmetrical.

2. Using a pattern, estimate how much fabric is needed to make a dress or a shirt. Follow the directions to make the garment.

3. Challenge your child to collect 100 pennies, which equals 100% of one dollar. Add and subtract pennies to show percentages.

4. Check out a book on astronomy from the library. Ask your child to write out the very large numbers found in the book. Talk together about what the numbers represent.

5. Multiplication tester

6. Addition tester

7. Division tester

8. Geometry tester

9. Subtraction tester

Arizona

Fifth Grade Math Course Outline

Fifth Grade Math Worksheets

Introduction to Adding Decimals Worksheet 2 - how to add decimals, includes problems to solve
Sharpen Your Skills - worksheet 9 review includes place value, multiplication, and division
Decimal Detective - decimal and place value worksheet
Dividing Decimals - 4 worksheets
Percentage Practice - worksheet 4
Percentage Practice - worksheet 3, word problems
Percentage Practice - worksheet 2
Percentage Practice - worksheet 1, word problems
Geometry Review #2 - 5th grade
Geometry Review - 5th grade
Word Problems - 5th grade
Finding Percentages
Alien Multiplication Maze
Fine Arts in School - using a table worksheet
Multiplying Decimals #2 - multiplication practice
Sharpen Your Skills - worksheet 4
Math Who Am I? - worksheet 5
Word Problems - money
Division Practice 4
Subtracting Mixed Numbers - worksheet 1
Measuring Inches and Centimeters worksheet
Adding Mixed Numbers
Common Measures - length, liquid, weight
Using A Table
Multiplication Drill 6
Multiplication Drill 7
Fractions worksheet 5 - reduce fractions
Adding Fractions
Adding Fractions
Division Practice 5 - with remainders
Division Practice 3 - no remainders
4 Digit Multiplication - Multiplication drill sheet